Ibunka! - Unit 1 / OSF 1
『Ibunka!』のUnit 1とOSF 1のデジタルブックです。
www.ibunka.jp
1 Introducing Yourself
7KH ZD\V LQ ZKLFK ZH SUHVHQW RXUVHOYHV DUH GHHSO\ FXOWXUDO :KHQ \RX LQWURGXFH \RXUVHOI GR \RX IRFXV RQ \RXU XQLTXHQHVV RU RQ KRZ PXFK \RX KDYH LQ FRPPRQ ZLWK RWKHUV" $QG KRZ GR \RX UHVSRQG WR RWKHU SHRSOHȇV VHOI LQWURGXFWLRQV" 'R \RX XVXDOO\ FRPSOLPHQW WKHP"
92&$%8/$5<
$8'Ζ2
)25 7($&+(56
You and Your Culture Part 1
SURVEY WARM - UP
WARM-UP SURVEY
Answer the following questions about your daily life.
Q1
Q4
Imagine you are going to introduce yourself to a group. What kinds of things would you mention about yourself?
Do you think it’s normal to comment on someone’s appearance?
• • QDPH • QLFNQDPH • DJH • KRPHWRZQ • \RXU IDYRULWH IRRG • \RXU VFKRRO MRE • IDPLO\ Q5 Imagine that you are introducing yourself at a club you just joined. What do you think you should do in order WR PDNH D JRRG ȴUVW LPSUHVVLRQ" • D JHQHUDO KREE\ H J JDPHV PXVLF • D VSHFLȴF KREE\ H J FKHVV MD]] • \RXU FRQQHFWLRQ ZLWK WKH JURXS • PDNH D MRNH • RWKHU ................................................................. • WDON KXPEO\ DERXW \RXUVHOI • EH ZHOO GUHVVHG • PDNH H\H FRQWDFW • XVH KRQRULȴFV • VPLOH • XVH KXPRU • EH ZHOO JURRPHG KDLU QDLOV PDNHXS HWF Q2 When describing your abilities to others, do you … • PDNH MRNHV • ODXJK D ORW • WDON PRGHVWO\ SXWWLQJ \RXUVHOI GRZQ" • WDON KRQHVWO\" • WDON \RXUVHOI XS" Q3 When you comment on what someone has said, do you compliment them (say positive things about them)? WR SUHVHQW RQHVHOI XQLTXHQHVV WR FRPSOLPHQW VSHFLȴF PRGHVWO\ WR WDON RQHVHOI XS WR IHHO WKDW ZD\ DSSHDUDQFH WR PDNH D JRRG ȴUVW LPSUHVVLRQ KRQRULȴFV ZHOO JURRPHG VOCABULARY • Ʉ8QLW ɄΖɄΖQWURGXFLQJ 1. First, write your answers to Questions 1~5 in full sentences, giving reasons and opinions where you can. INTERVIEW Q1: What kinds of things do you mention when introducing yourself to a group? ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... Q2: How do you usually describe your abilities? ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... Q3: Do you usually compliment others? ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... Q4: Do you think it’s normal to comment on someone’s appearance? ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 :KDW WKLQJV VKRXOG \RX GR LQ RUGHU WR PDNH D JRRG ȴUVW LPSUHVVLRQ" ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2. Ask the survey questions to several classmates and make notes of their answers. Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 z name z nickname z hometown z age z general hobby z talk modestly z always tries z yes, but only when it’s positive z use honorifics (to show respect) z make eye contact Example 1DPH Yurika to say positive things Partner 1 1DPH Partner 2 1DPH proved skills Partner 3 1DPH Ʉ8QLW ɄΖɄΖQWURGXFLQJ 1RZ OHWȇV WKLQN DERXW -DSDQHVH VRFLHW\ DQG VRPH GLHUHQFHV EHWZHHQ YDULRXV JURXSV Write sentences using words and phrases from these lists. EXPRESSION 1 1. Ζ WKLQN WKDW LQ -DSDQ ZKHQ PHHWLQJ VRPHRQH IRU WKH ȴUVW WLPH VSHDNLQJ WR VRPHRQH ROGHU VSHDNLQJ WR VRPHRQH \RXQJHU WDNLQJ D MRE LQWHUYLHZ LQWURGXFLQJ WKHPVHOYHV WR D FODVV JRLQJ RQ D ȴUVW GDWH VSHDN PRGHVWO\ SHRSOH WHQG XVH KXPRU . WR ORRN IRU WKLQJV LQ FRPPRQ 2. ΖQ -DSDQ ZKHQ VSHDNLQJ WR VRPHRQH \RX GRQȇW NQRZ ZHOO LWȇV FRPPRQ WR DQG WR . VKRZ FRQȴGHQFH XVH ORWV RI aizuchi JLYH VKRUW UHVSRQVHV XVH KRQRULȴFV 3. JLYH FRPSOLPHQWV +RZ DERXW \RX" $UH \RX OLNH PRVW RWKHUV LQ -DSDQ RU GR \RX KDYH GLHUHQW YLHZV" Write more sentences about Japanese society, adding your own opinions or habits. EXPRESSION 2 ΖQ P\ H[SHULHQFH 7KH ZD\ Ζ VHH LW ΖI \RX DVN PH LQ -DSDQ SHRSOH PHQ ZRPHQ PRVW PDQ\ JLYH VKRUW UHVSRQVHV ZKHQ PHHWLQJ VRPHRQH IRU WKH ȴUVW WLPH \RXQJ SHRSOH ROGHU SHRSOH DQG ΖȇP QR GLHUHQW EXW Ζ XVXDOO\ GRQȇW ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... VOCABULARY ................................................................................................................................... FKDUDFWHULVWLFV PRGHVWO\ ................................................................................................................................... WKLQJV LQ FRPPRQ LQ P\ H[SHULHQFH Ȑ ................................................................................................................................... LI \RX DVN PH Ȑ Ζ P QR GLHUHQW ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... Ʉ8QLW ɄΖɄΖQWURGXFLQJ People in Other Cultures Part 2 People from a range of cultural backgrounds responded to the ΖEXQND 6XUYH\ on this topic. Here DUH D IHZ RI WKHLU UHVSRQVHV IRU \RX WR UHDG DQG WKLQN DERXW 1 In Japan, people seem to talk about their social situation (their employer or family) rather than about their private lives. I work for an English conversation school, so every RTSYM . MF[J FY QJFXY Y\JSY^ ƳWXY RJJYNSL NSYJWFHYNTSX \NYM XYZIJSYX ;JW^ TKYJS FKYJW RJJYNSL XTRJTSJ KTW YMJ ƳWXY YNRJ . KJJQ YMFY . PST\ YMJNW RFWNYFQ FSI JRUQT^RJSY status but I don’t know anything about them as individuals. Nira &RVWD 5LFDQ WHDFKHU OLYHV LQ -DSDQ 1-01 2 When introducing myself in Japan, for example to other club members, I usually talked about my hobbies in very general terms, like “I like music” or “I like shopping”. When I went to the US to study, I found myself saying much more detailed things, such as the genres of music I like. I got the feeling that most people wanted to be seen as unique. It was a bit XYWJXXKZQ FY ƳWXY GZY FKYJW XTRJ YNRJ . QJFWSJI YT YFQP FGTZY R^XJQK \NYM HTSƳIJSHJ . 1-02 3 5\ďML -DSDQHVH . YMNSP YMFY J]UJWNJSHJ MFX NSƴZJSHJI MT\ . YFQP FGTZY R^XJQK J[JS ST\ FKYJW WJYZWSNSL to Japan. But of course here I always start by looking for common ground. VRIWZDUH HQJLQHHU KDV OLYHG LQ WKH 86 1-03 4 For me, It depends very much on my mood. When I'm in a good mood or a social mood, I try to draw attention to myself. I want to make an impression on the people I'm introducing myself to. But when I don’t feel like talking, I try to blend in. I say only very general things, so that I'm not asked any questions. In France, this strategy works pretty well. But in Japan, I have the impression that people are more interested in those who blend in. When I introduce myself by saying something very bland, they show their interest by asking questions. So I understand now that the strategies that helped me to “fade into the background” in France have the opposite effect here in Japan. And on the contrary, when I try to attract attention by emphasizing my uniqueness, I get very few questions in return. I never realized this difference before I took this survey! 5 Émilie )UHQFK DFFRXQWDQW OLYHV LQ -DSDQ 1-04 1-05 COMPREHENSION 1 Read the responses and mark the statements true or false . VOCABULARY True False LQWHUDFWLRQ PDULWDO VWDWXV HPSOR\PHQW VWDWXV LQ JHQHUDO WHUPV JHQUH 1 1LUD IHHOV WKDW VKH GRHVQȇW UHDOO\ NQRZ KHU FOLHQWV SHUVRQDOO\ DIWHU PHHWLQJ WKHP RQFH 2 ΖQ WKH 86 5\ďML ZDV XSVHW WKDW KH FRXOG QRW ȴQG DQ\ PXVLF WKDW KH OLNHG 3 2YHU WLPH 5\ďML FKDQJHG KLV VW\OH RI VHOI LQWURGXFWLRQ 4 ΖQ )UDQFH ZKHQ PLOLH GRHVQȇW ZDQW WR WDON VKH JLYHV YHU\ EDVLF LQIRUPDWLRQ DERXW KHUVHOI 5 (PLOLH GLVFRYHUHG WKDW -DSDQHVH DQG )UHQFK FXOWXUHV KDYH YHU\ VLPLODU VW\OHV RI VHOI LQWURGXFWLRQ ZLWK FRQȴGHQFH FRPPRQ JURXQG WR EOHQG LQ EODQG WR IDGH LQWR WKH EDFNJURXQG WR HPSKDVL]H a Ʉ8QLW ɄΖɄΖQWURGXFLQJ COMPREHENSION 2 5HDG WKH UHVSRQVHV DQG ȴOO LQ WKH JDSV ZLWK WKH FRUUHFW ZRUGV Q2 Do you think you are usually modest when talking about yourself, or do you prefer to describe yourself in a positive light? How about people in foreign countries you have lived in? I don't to talk about my abilities to a Westerner I have just met, but I avoid doing it when speaking with Japanese people. I guess that’s because it can be interpreted as arrogance, and both professional and friendly relationships. In my work as a teacher, I have noticed that some of my Japanese students tend to themselves as “incompetent” and to choose a level that is too low for their actual abilities. One of my students, who is very bright, sometimes makes mistakes on purpose so as not to from the group. Having been raised in England, I tend to any strengths I might have. I think this is a cultural trait. In British culture, one cannot appear to . If I say I am not clever, or not good at something, then I can take it off the table as a topic and no one can me or fun of me. 6 7 8 ERDVW PDNH FULWLFL]H GRZQSOD\ Catriona %ULWLVK ZULWHU OLYHV LQ -DSDQ 1-06 VWDQG RXW GHVFULEH KHVLWDWH KDUP 1-07 Jane 1HZ =HDODQGHU WHDFKHU OLYHV LQ -DSDQ 1-08 :KLFK RQH RI WKH VXUYH\ UHVSRQVHV RQ SDJHV DQG ZDV PRVW LQWHUHVWLQJ WR \RX" ([SODLQ \RXU FKRLFH XVLQJ WKH SDWWHUQV EHORZ DV D VWDUWLQJ SRLQW 7KHQ GLVFXVV LW ZLWK FODVVPDWHV DISCUSSION V UHVSRQVH WR EH WKH PRVW LQWHUHVWLQJ B 3HUVRQDOO\ Ζ WHQG WR … C Ζ IRXQG 1LUD A A B C 1 3HUVRQDOO\ Ζ WHQG WR … 2 ΖW VHHPV WKDW Ȑ 3 Ζ ȴQG LW VXUSULVLQJ WKDW Ȑ 4 Ζ DOZD\V WKRXJKW WKDW Ȑ 1 1LUD 2 5\ďML 3 PLOLH 4 &DWULRQD 5 -DQH 1 LQWHUHVWLQJ 2 UHODWDEOH 3 SHFXOLDU 4 VWULNLQJ VOCABULARY WR GRZQSOD\ a FXOWXUDO WUDLW WR WDNH a R WKH WDEOH WR EH LQWHUSUHWHG DV a DUURJDQFH LQFRPSHWHQW RQ SXUSRVH WR VWDQG RXW UHODWDEOH SHFXOLDU VWULNLQJ WR WHQG WR a Ʉ8QLW Ʉ I ɄΖQWURGXFLQJ COMPREHENSION 3 Read the responses and mark the statements true or false . Q3 Do you usually compliment people? How do you respond to compliments? 9 I compliment people if I really mean it. In the same vein, I don't like YT GJ HTRUQNRJSYJI \MJS . PST\ NY X STY OZXYNƳJI . KJJQ JRGFWWFXXJI I've noticed that Japanese people compliment each other consistently. It seems to me that it's a social rule. It "puts oil on the wheels" and makes for harmonious relationships. But personally I prefer more spontaneous, honest communication. Marc %HOJLDQ EXVLQHVVPDQ OLYHV LQ -DSDQ 1-09 10 Joe $PHULFDQ XQLYHUVLW\ SURIHVVRU OLYHV LQ -DSDQ KDV OLYHG LQ )UDQFH I tend to give lots of compliments when I speak Japanese. In the US, . LN[J XTRJ HTRUQNRJSYX .S +WFSHJ [JW^ KJ\ NY XJJRX QJXX HTRRTS 1-10 11 Masako -DSDQHVH VDOHVSHUVRQ KDV OLYHG LQ &DQDGD 1-11 True False 9 0DUF WKLQNV WKDW LW LV EHVW WR DOZD\V FRPSOLPHQW SHRSOH LQ DQRWKHU FXOWXUH UHJDUGOHVV RI KRZ \RX IHHO 10 -RH LV FHUWDLQO\ PRUH OLNHO\ WR FRPSOLPHQW RWKHUV LQ -DSDQ WKDQ LQ KLV KRPH FXOWXUH 11 ΖQ &DQDGD 0DVDNR IRXQG LW GLɝFXOW WR WKLQN RI FRPSOLPHQWV IRU SHRSOH VKH PHW Draw a simple PDQJD based on the topic of this unit. It may be from your experience or your imagination. CREATIVITY 1 2 VOCABULARY LQ WKH VDPH YHLQ QRW MXVWLȴHG KDUPRQLRXV UHJDUGOHVV RI a RSHQO\ WR SUDLVH a SUDLVH WLUHVRPH 3 4 Ʉ8QLW ɄΖɄΖQWURGXFLQJ 1 Introducing Yourself One Step Further ACTIVITIES Here are some more responses from the Ibunka Survey on the topic of self-introductions. Let’s examine them for underlying cultural trends. We can see that the language in many responses hints at two basic patterns. )25 7($&+(56 92&$%8/$5< SURVEY LOOKING FOR PATTERNS CULTURAL PATTERN A: Blend in In this cultural pattern, some people have a tendency to speak about things they have in common with others. Introductions are rather formal and standardized. When introducing themselves, people tend to downplay their strengths and qualities. It is common WR KHDS SUDLVH RQ RWKHUV DQG WR GHȵHFW RU HYHQ UHMHFW the praise directed at oneself or one’s family. CULTURAL PATTERN B: Emphasize uniqueness In this cultural pattern, when introducing themselves, people have a tendency to focus on what makes them VSHFLDO RU GLHUHQW Attitudes towards self-praise are varied, with people LQ VRPH FXOWXUHV EHLQJ PRUH DVVHUWLYH WKDQ RWKHUV However, speaking positively about one’s own family LV JHQHUDOO\ DFFHSWHG Read through the Ibunka Survey responses below. Highlight in one color the words and phrases that hint at Cultural Pattern A: Blend in, and in another color the parts that suggest Cultural Pattern B: Emphasize uniqueness. You can work and discuss this in pairs or small groups. Here in Japan, I've always found it remarkable how formal the greetings seem. Folks are bowing and using all these MTSTWNƳH UMWFXJX . It's kind of interesting. I prefer a QFNI GFHP HFXZFQ FUUWTFHM . $PHULFDQ PDOH SURIHVVRU OLYHV LQ -DSDQ 1 .S /FUFS . KTZSI NSYWTIZHYNTSX KJQY more formal, or sometimes rigid, than in the US, where NY YJSIX YT GJ [JW^ HFXZFQ FQRTXY KWTR YMJ GJLNSSNSL IJUJSINSL TS YMJ XNYZFYNTS FSI players involved). $PHULFDQ PDOH MRXUQDOLVW KDV OLYHG LQ -DSDQ 2 . STYNHJI YMFY /FUFSJXJ UJTUQJ QNPJ YT RJSYNTS YMJNW FLJ \MJS NSYWTIZHNSL YMJRXJQ[JX They also sometimes mention their blood type! 6ZLVV PDOH SURJUDPPHU OLYHV LQ -DSDQ 3 When I was living in the US, I used to J]UQFNS RTWJ FGTZY R^XJQK from the beginning, to RFYHM YMJ FYRTXUMJWJ FWTZSI RJ (TRUFWJI YT /FUFSJXJ UJTUQJ . YMNSP &RJWNHFSX UQFHJ RTWJ NRUTWYFSHJ TS asserting individuality 1N[NSL NS F KTWJNLS HTZSYW^ . KTZSI TZY YMFY I didn't PST\ RZHM FGTZY R^XJQK 8NSHJ YMJS . MF[J HTRJ YT PST\ R^XJQK GJYYJW &QXT . YMNSP YMFY NS Japan, we tend not to tell people about ourselves in a good way, for fear of appearing boastful. -DSDQHVH IHPDOH RɝFH ZRUNHU KDV OLYHG LQ WKH 86 4 In Japan, R^ /FUFSJXJ QFSLZFLJ FGNQNY^ MFX TKYJS GJJS HTRUQNRJSYJI , even if I only said "Hajimemashite" or "Watashi no namae wa ~ desu", and even when I was a total beginner. I found it a bit annoying at the beginning, but now that I am used to it, I just respond with a “Thank you!”. More tiresome are HTRRJSYX TS FUUJFWFSHJ QNPJ >TZ MF[J F GNL STXJ TW >TZ MF[J XZHM QTSL QJLX 9MJXJ FWJ HTRRJSYX YMFY \TZQI GJ YFPJS FX outright NRUTQNYJSJXX NS +WFSHJ JXUJHNFQQ^ HTRNSL KWTR XYWFSLJWX .Y RFPJX TSJ KJJQ TGOJHYNƳJI FSI STY WJXUJHYJI . It is sort of like when UJTUQJ MJWJ NS /FUFS XJJ F HFY FSI J]HQFNR PF\FNN . FR STY F HFY )UHQFK PDOH WHDFKHU OLYHV LQ -DSDQ 5 1 UHPDUNDEOH IRUPDO KRQRULȴF SKUDVHV ODLG EDFN 2 ULJLG SOD\HUV 3 EORRG W\SH 4 WR DVVHUW a LQGLYLGXDOLW\ IRU IHDU RI a ERDVWIXO 5 WLUHVRPH DSSHDUDQFH RXWULJKW REMHFWLȴHG ΖW LV VRUW RI OLNH ZKHQ a Ʉ One Step Further Ʉ I Ʉ8QLW Ʉ I ɄΖQWURGXFLQJ 6 . FQ\F^X QTTP KTW TUUTWYZSNYNJX YT HTRUQNRJSY TYMJWX SFYZWFQQ^ ,TNSL YTT KFW NX STY LTTI FX NY HTRJX TKK FX XRFWR^ GZY saying things honestly when it's appropriate makes me feel good. When LN[NSL HTRUQNRJSYX , I try not to KTHZX TS XZUJWƳHNFQ RFYYJWX QNPJ FUUJFWFSHJ ZSQJXX . PST\ YMJ UJWXTS \JQQ .[J STYNHJI YMFY UJTUQJ MJWJ NS /FUFS MF[J ST UWTGQJR \NYM this, RZHM YT R^ HTSXYJWSFYNTS +TW J]FRUQJ .[J LTYYJS HTRRJSYX QNPJ 4M ^TZ MF[J LFNSJI \JNLMY XNSHJ \J QFXY RJY 4W 4M MF[J ^TZ QTXY \JNLMY$ 9MJWJ XJJRX YT GJ ST UWTGQJR \NYM saying this here in Japan, but NY IWN[JX RJ HWF_^ . I've had to adjust to it over the years. $PHULFDQ PDOH SURIHVVRU OLYHV LQ -DSDQ 6 . WJHJN[J HTRUQNRJSYX KWTR /FUFSJXJ UJTUQJ F QTY but for some reason I don't feel they are XNSHJWJ . . ITSY PST\ NK YMFY NX GJHFZXJ . ITSY FLWJJ \NYM YMJNW FXXJXXRJSY TK R^ XPNQQX FHYNTSX TW FUUJFWFSHJ TW NK NY NX GJHFZXJ . FR UJWXTSFQQ^ ZSFGQJ YT FHHJUY HTRUQNRJSYX . In 'WNYFNS \J FWJ STY LTTI FY FHHJUYNSL HTRUQNRJSYX DSSURSULDWH WR JLYH FRPSOLPHQWV WR P\ FRQVWHUQDWLRQ LW GULYHV PH FUD]\ VLQFHUH WR DFFHSW FRPSOLPHQWV 7 8 DYHUVLRQ WR a EUDJJLQJ WR PHDQ ZKDW RQH VD\V VRFLDO ULWXDO 9 10 WR WXUQ a LQWR D ODXJK 11 ZHOO UHFHLYHG UHVHUYHG 12 H[WUHPH WR VRPH H[WHQW FRQVWDQWO\ Write a paragraph on the topic of introducing yourself. Include your opinions and reactions to the cultural patterns you found in these survey responses. EXPRESSION Ʉ8QLW Ʉ I ɄΖQWURGXFLQJ
Made with FlippingBook - Online magazine maker